The short answer: the era of paying the Gulf's millions of domestic workers in cash is ending, country by country. Saudi Arabia made cash salaries illegal on 1 January 2026 — every riyal must now flow electronically through Musaned's Wage Protection System. Bahrain's LMRA directs domestic salaries through approved banks and payment providers, the UAE makes WPS mandatory for five domestic professions and optional for the rest, Qatar tracks payments through its Ministry of Labour system, and only Kuwait and Oman still allow cash — with the burden of proof on the employer. Here is the 2026 map, country by country.
✏️ Corrected 3 September 2026: the UAE entry previously said the Wage Protection System was mandatory for all domestic workers. MOHRE makes it mandatory for five professions and optional for the other fourteen (MOHRE, 13 April 2023; Ministerial Resolution No. 675 of 2022).
Why the Gulf is killing the cash salary
Roughly one in three GCC households employs a housemaid, nanny, cook or driver, and for decades almost all of them were paid in cash. Cash is also why salary disputes were so hard to resolve: no record, no proof, one person's word against another's. A Wage Protection System (WPS) fixes that by routing the salary through a bank, licensed wallet or payroll card — creating a timestamped record that protects both sides. The employer can prove they paid; the worker can prove what they received. Regulators can see, at scale, who is not paying on time.
Saudi Arabia — cash is now illegal (since 1 January 2026)
The biggest change in the region. After a phased rollout that began in July 2024 (first for newly arriving workers, then for households with 4+, 3+ and 2+ workers), the mandate reached every household with even a single domestic worker on 1 January 2026. Salaries must be paid through the Musaned platform's approved channels — participating banks and licensed digital wallets. The payment record is logged against the contract, and workers can send money home through the same channels. Full details in our Saudi e-salary mandate guide for families.
United Arab Emirates — WPS mandatory for five domestic professions, optional for the rest
The UAE runs the Gulf's oldest Wage Protection System (since 2009), and domestic-worker salaries can run on the same protected rail. Since 1 April 2023 (Ministerial Resolution No. 675 of 2022) WPS is mandatory for five domestic professions — private agricultural engineer, personal public relations officer (PRO), personal healthcare provider, private tutor and private trainer — and optional for the other fourteen, including housemaids, nannies, cooks and drivers. Whatever the channel, the wage is due within 10 days under Federal Decree-Law No. 9 of 2022, and a WPS transfer record is the strongest proof of payment. Ministerial Resolution 340 of 2026 (in force from 1 June 2026) hardened payment deadlines for MOHRE-registered establishments, not for households. Fines are not automatic: MOHRE escalates from day 2, and administrative fines of AED 1,000 per affected worker apply from day 11 for repeat violations within six months, under Cabinet Resolution 21 of 2020. See our UAE maid salary rules under WPS and the MOHRE WPS compliance guide.
Bahrain — WPS for private-sector employers; domestic salaries via approved banks
Bahrain's Wage Protection System, run by the Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA), is mandatory for private-sector employers under Resolution (68) of 2019; for domestic workers, LMRA says the salary is transferred directly through CBB-approved banks or LMRA-registered payment service providers, generally within 10 days of the due date. Final dues on permit cancellation are also settled through the system where it applies. Our Bahrain WPS guide covers registration and deadlines.
Qatar — salaries tracked through the Ministry of Labour system
Qatar routes domestic-worker hiring through Ministry of Labour-licensed offices, and salary payments are tracked under the ministry's worker-protection framework. The QAR 1,000 minimum wage (plus QAR 300 food and QAR 500 housing allowances where not provided in kind) applies to domestic workers, and bank payment is the expected standard — it is your evidence if a dispute reaches the ministry. Details in our Qatar WPS hiring guide.
Kuwait — cash still legal, but the proof burden is yours
Kuwait has not yet extended a WPS mandate to household employers. Under PAM's Law 68/2015, however, you must pay monthly and be able to prove it — and in a dispute, an employer with no payment records loses. Practically, that makes bank or exchange-house transfer the only sensible way to pay, even though cash remains lawful. Salary benchmarks: KWD 100–150 for housemaids, higher for specialised roles — see the Kuwait salary guide.
Oman — the last cash market, for now
Oman mandates wage protection for the private sector, but household domestic workers are not yet under a WPS requirement. The Ministry of Labour's rules still require timely monthly payment (OMR 100–150 is the market range), and its recent reforms have strengthened wage protections — the direction of travel is clear. Pay by bank transfer and keep records; if Oman follows Saudi Arabia's path, compliant households will have nothing to change.
The 2026 map at a glance
- Saudi Arabia: cash ILLEGAL since 1 Jan 2026 — Musaned WPS mandatory for every household.
- UAE: WPS mandatory for five domestic professions, optional for housemaids, nannies and drivers (MR 675/2022); wages due within 10 days; Resolution 340/2026 applies to establishments.
- Bahrain: WPS enrolment mandatory for private-sector employers (Resolution 68/2019); LMRA directs domestic salaries through CBB-approved banks and LMRA-registered payment providers.
- Qatar: payments tracked under the MoL framework; bank payment the expected standard.
- Kuwait: cash lawful but proof of payment required — transfer strongly recommended.
- Oman: no household mandate yet; pay by bank and keep records.
What every GCC employer should do now
- Stop paying cash — even where it is still legal, an unrecorded salary is a dispute waiting to happen.
- Use the official channel for your country (Musaned wallet/bank in Saudi; WPS channel in the UAE; bank transfer in Bahrain/Qatar/Kuwait/Oman).
- Pay on time — most systems treat payment as late within days of the due date, and fines are per worker, per cycle.
- Keep the records — transfer receipts are your legal protection at contract end, renewal or dispute.
- Put the salary in the contract accurately — the tracked amount must match the registered wage.
Frequently asked questions
Is it illegal to pay my maid in cash in Saudi Arabia?
Yes — since 1 January 2026, all domestic-worker salaries must be paid electronically through Musaned's approved channels (banks and licensed digital wallets). The mandate now covers every household, even with a single worker.
Is cash salary illegal in the UAE?
Domestic-worker salaries in the UAE are paid through WPS-approved electronic channels — bank transfer, licensed payroll card or registered wallet. The transfer record is your legal proof; late or unpaid salaries bring MOHRE fines and permit blocks.
Which GCC countries still allow paying a maid in cash?
Kuwait and Oman have no household WPS mandate yet. But both require provable, on-time monthly payment — so bank transfer is strongly recommended everywhere, and both markets are expected to follow the regional trend.
What counts as an approved salary channel?
Each country defines its own list: Musaned-linked banks and wallets in Saudi Arabia, WPS-registered banks, exchange houses and payroll cards in the UAE, and LMRA-registered bank transfer in Bahrain. When in doubt, a normal bank transfer with a clear reference is the safest baseline.
What happens if I do not comply?
Consequences scale by country: fines calculated per affected worker, blocks on permit renewal or new hiring, and — everywhere — losing the dispute by default when you cannot prove payment.
Related guides
- 2026 GCC Domestic Worker Salary Report
- Saudi e-salary mandate: a family's guide
- UAE maid salary rules under WPS
- Bahrain WPS for domestic workers
- Qatar WPS hiring guide
- Full cost to hire a maid in the UAE
